A Complete Guide to Understanding Home Inspections

A home inspection is a detailed examination of a property’s physical structure and systems. A certified home inspector visually checks all major components of the home — from the roof to the foundation — to ensure everything is safe and in good working order.



The inspection typically takes 2 to 4 hours, depending on the home’s size, age, and condition. Afterward, the inspector provides a written report that outlines their findings, including any defects, safety hazards, or maintenance concerns.

Home inspections give buyers peace of mind and help sellers avoid surprises during the sale process. Here’s why they’re so valuable:

• Protect Your Investment: A home is a major purchase, and an inspection helps you avoid costly repairs later.
  
  
• Reveal Hidden Problems: Inspectors can spot issues that aren’t obvious, such as plumbing leaks, faulty wiring, or roof damage.
  
  
• Negotiation Power: If major issues are found, buyers can request repairs or negotiate the price before closing.
  
  
• Ensure Safety: Inspections check for health and safety risks, like mold, radon, or structural instability.
  
  
• Peace of Mind: Knowing the home’s true condition gives buyers confidence before making their final decision.

A standard home inspection covers most major systems and components of a house. Here’s a breakdown of what inspectors typically examine:

1. Exterior and Roof

Inspectors check the roof’s shingles, gutters, flashing, and drainage. They also look for cracks or damage in the siding, foundation, and grading around the home that could lead to water problems.

2. Foundation and Structure

A strong foundation is the backbone of any home. Inspectors look for cracks, uneven floors, and signs of water intrusion that could indicate structural issues.

3. Plumbing System

They inspect visible pipes, water heaters, sinks, and toilets to ensure there are no leaks, corrosion, or water pressure issues.

4. Electrical System

The inspector checks outlets, light fixtures, circuit breakers, and wiring for safety and compliance with electrical standards.

5. Heating and Cooling (HVAC)

Inspectors assess the HVAC system’s efficiency, age, and performance. They’ll note whether the system is in good condition or nearing the end of its life.

6. Interior Components

This includes walls, ceilings, floors, doors, and windows. Inspectors look for cracks, moisture stains, or other signs of damage.

7. Attic and Insulation

Proper insulation and ventilation are key to maintaining energy efficiency. The inspector will check insulation levels and look for mold or water stains.

8. Basement and Crawl Space

Inspectors check for dampness, proper ventilation, insulation, and pest activity.



9. Appliances

Major built-in appliances, like stoves, dishwashers, and exhaust fans, may also be tested to confirm they function correctly.

While home inspections are detailed, they aren’t exhaustive. Most inspectors don’t evaluate:

• Septic systems or sewer lines (unless you book a sewer scope inspection)
  
  
• Swimming pools or hot tubs
  
  
• Pest infestations
  
  
• Asbestos, radon, or mold testing (these require specialized services)
  
  

If you’re concerned about any of these areas, you can request specialized inspections for an additional fee.

Whether you’re a buyer or a seller, preparation can make the inspection smoother.

For Buyers:

• Be present during the inspection to ask questions.
  
• Take notes or photos for reference.
  
• Review the inspection report carefully and discuss it with your real estate agent.
  
  

For Sellers:

• Make sure all areas of the home are accessible, including the attic, basement, and electrical panels.
  
• Replace burnt-out light bulbs and test smoke detectors.
  
• Clean up clutter and clear access around systems like the water heater or furnace.

Here are some of the most common problems inspectors find:

1. Roof damage – Missing shingles, leaks, or aging materials.
   
   
2. Faulty wiring – Outdated electrical panels or unsafe wiring.
   
   
3. Plumbing leaks – Slow drips or water pressure issues.
   
   
4. Foundation cracks – Signs of settling or water damage.
   
   
5. Poor drainage – Improper grading causing water pooling near the foundation.
   
   
6. HVAC issues – Old or inefficient systems.
   
   
7. Insufficient insulation – Poor energy efficiency leading to higher utility bills.
   
   

These aren’t necessarily dealbreakers, but they should be considered when negotiating repairs or pricing.

Once the inspection is complete, you’ll receive a detailed report that summarizes the findings. The report may include photographs and recommendations for repairs or further evaluations.

Buyers can use this report to:



• Request repairs before closing.
  
  
• Negotiate a lower sale price.
  
  
• Ask for a home warranty.
  
  
• Walk away from the deal if serious issues are uncovered (depending on contract terms).
  
  

Sellers, on the other hand, can use inspection results to make repairs early and present their home in the best possible condition.

Selecting a qualified home inspector is just as important as the inspection itself. Look for:

• Certification and licensing (varies by state).
  
  
• Experience and reviews from past clients.
  
  
• Insurance coverage (errors and omissions insurance).
  
  
• Detailed sample reports showing what to expect.
  
  

A professional and experienced inspector provides honest, unbiased insights that help you make smart real estate decisions.

A home inspection is one of the smartest steps in any real estate transaction. It protects your investment, ensures your family’s safety, and gives you the confidence to move forward with peace of mind. Whether you’re buying your first home or selling a long-loved property, a thorough inspection helps you make the best decision possible.

Ready to schedule your home inspection in Michigan? Contact Elevate Inspection Group today and make your next move with confidence!